广东省果蔬农药残留调查研究
时间：2021-02-08 04:00:54 来源：雅意学习网 本文已影响 人 
摘要 近年来，由于水果蔬菜农药残留造成的食品安全问题屡见不鲜。为了解消费者对果蔬农药残留的认知程度及购买行为，对广东省多个城市的消费者进行了问卷调查，共收回有效答卷298份。通过对298份问卷进行研究发现：消费者对农药残留的认知度相对不高、对果蔬农药残留的知识了解不多；大部分消费者都不知道如何判断果蔬产品是否农残超标；信息传播途径不同对消费者形成果蔬安全认知上有差异；对于提高消费者对果蔬安全认知程度这一方面，信息质量起正向作用；信息传播者的特征对认知提高起重要作用。为引导消费者正确认识果蔬农药残留，建议政府应建立健全法律法规、提高居民食品安全意识、加强舆论监督、相关部门要加强监测、加大宣传的力度。
关键词 消费者；果蔬；农药残留；认知程度；购买行为
中图分类号 TS207.5+3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2018）14-0185-03
Investigation on Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables in Guangdong Province
—Investigation on Consumers’ Awareness and Purchase Behavior of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables
HUANG Guidong，LU Lizhu，HUANG Wenli et al
（College of Food Science and Engineering， Foshan University of Science and Technology，Foshan，Guangdong 528231）
Abstract In recent years， food safety problems caused by pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables have become commonplace.In order to understand consumers’ awareness of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables and their purchasing behavior， a questionnaire survey was conducted among consumers in several cities in Guangdong Province， and a total of 298 valid responses were retrieved.Through the study of 298 questionnaires， it was found that consumers had relatively low awareness of pesticide residues and little knowledge of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables；Most consumers does not know how to judge whether the fruit and vegetable products exceed the standard；Different information dissemination approaches had different perceptions on the safety of consumers and fruits；Information quality plays a positive role in raising consumer awareness of fruits and vegetables.The characteristics of information disseminators played an important role in improving cognition.In order to guide consumers to correctly understand the pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables， it was recommended that the government establish sound laws and regulations， raise awareness of residents’ food safety， strengthen public opinion supervision， relevant departments should strengthen monitoring， and step up publicity efforts.
Key words Consumers；Fruits and vegetables；Pesticide residue；Cognition level；Purchase behavior
在我國改革开放后的几十年里，国人的生活质量明显提高，同时人们的食物消费习惯也明显发生了改变，表现为谷物的消费量不断下降，而果蔬、肉蛋乳等副食的消费量普遍上升。因此，我国也成为了果蔬的生产和消费大国[1]。果蔬的种植需要农药的支持，如果在种植时农药使用过多就会造成果蔬中农药残留，果蔬中残留的农药对人体危害很大[2-3]。例如，随着果蔬进入人体的有机氯农药经过肠道被人体吸收，就会在脂肪含量较高的组织和器官处积累，对人体产生慢性的毒害作用。当有机氯农药的摄入量达到10 mg/kg（体重）时，就可能会引起中毒。有机氯农药对人体的损害主要是在肝、肾以及神经系统[4-6]，引起肝脏和神经细胞的变性，导致不同程度的贫血、白细胞增多等病变，甚至还可能会诱发肝癌的发生[7-9]。
