控失尿素在马铃薯上的施用技术研究
时间：2021-01-31 20:15:30 来源：雅意学习网 本文已影响 人 
摘要：在甘肅省马铃薯主产区开展控失尿素的最佳施用量研究，探索控失尿素在马铃薯种植上的肥效，为控失尿素的合理化利用提供理论指导。结果表明，马铃薯产量、肥料产量贡献率、新增经济效益随着控失尿素施入量的减少而显著降低。控失尿素与普通尿素配比处理间差异不显著。以控失尿素常量（225 kg/hm2）处理效果最好，马铃薯折合产量、肥料产量贡献率、新增净产值均最高，分别为32 241.0 kg/hm2、25.3%、30 148.5元/hm2，与对照施常量普通尿素（CK1）相比，分别提高了16.6%、7.6百分点、20.9%，且能显著提高马铃薯分枝数、块茎数、大中薯重、大中薯率。控失尿素与普通尿素质量比为7∶3处理的马铃薯折合产量、肥料产量贡献率、新增净产值分别为30 205.5 kg/hm2、21.8%、27 792.0元/hm2，与对照施常量普通尿素（CK1）相比分别提高9.2%、4.1百分点、11.5%。控失尿素减量15%时，马铃薯产量、肥料产量贡献率、新增净产值比对照施常量普通尿素（CK1）分别提高2.7%、3.4百分点、3.1%。
关键词：控失尿素；用量；马铃薯产量；经济效益
中图分类号：S532；S147.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1001-1463（2018）01-0012-04
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2018.01.06
Study on Fertilization Technique of Loss-controlled Urea on Potato
ZHAO Xinnan，YANG Junlin，FENG Shoujiang， ZHANG Xulin
（Institute of Soil， Fertilizer and Water-saving Agricultural， Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Lanzhou Gansu 730070，China）
Abstract：The optimum amount of loss-controlled urea of potato is studied in the main potato producing area of Gansu， and the effect of loss-controlled urea on potato planting is explored， which can supply theoretical guidance for utilization amount of loss-controlled urea. The results show that the potato yield， contribution rate of fertilizer and economic benefit are decreased significantly with the decrease of loss-controlled urea amount. There is no significant difference between loss-controlled urea and common urea treatment. The best effect of fertilizer treatment is conventional amount of loss-controlled urea（225 kg/hm2）. The potato yield， fertilizer contribution rate， and increased net output value are the highest， which are 32 241 kg/hm2， 25.3%， 30 148.5 yuan/hm2 respectively， and increased by 16.6%， 7.6 percentage points and 20.9% respectively， compared with conventional application of common urea （CK1）. The number of potato branches， the number of tubers， the weight of the large， medium potato， and the rate of large and medium potato can be significantly improved. When the mass ratio of the amount of loss-controlled urea to common urea is 7：3， the effect is also good， with potato yield， fertilizer contribution rate， increased net output value being 30 205.5 kg/hm2， 21.8%， 27 792 yuan/hm2， increased by 9.2%， 4.1 percentage points and 11.5% respectively， compared with the conventional application of common urea（CK1）. When the amount of loss-controlled urea is reduced 15%， the effect is better， with the yield， contribution rate of fertilizer and economic benefit being 2.7%， 3.4 percentage points and 3.1%， respectively， compared with the conventional application of common urea.
