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    名词性从句考查热点练与析:名词性从句单选专练

    时间:2020-02-23 07:25:38 来源:雅意学习网 本文已影响 雅意学习网手机站

      Ⅰ. 自我测评   1. _______ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. (2011年北京卷)
      A. Which B. WhatC. That D. Whom
      2. The shocking news made me realize _______ terrible problems we would face. (2011年北京卷)
      A. what B. howC. that D. why
      3. There is clear evidence _______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. (2011年上海卷)
      A. what B. ifC. how D. that
      4. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _______ others actually understand.(2011年上海卷)
      A. why B. thatC. which D. what
      5. I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is _______ he never finishes anything. (2011年山东卷)
      A. that B. whenC. where D. why
      6. We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know _______ she’ll accept it. (2011年山东卷)
      A. where B. whatC. whether D. which
      7. The villagers have already known _______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge. (2011年江西卷)
      A. this B. thatC. what D. which
      8. It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. (2011年江苏卷)
      A. that B. howC. when D. why
      9. When the news came _______ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.(2011年辽宁卷)
      A. since B. whichC. that D. because
      10. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _______ and see him.(2005年北京卷)
      A. you will come B. will you comeC. you come D. do you come
      11. He didn’t make _______ clear when and where the meeting would be held. (2007年天津卷)
      A. this B. thatC. it D. these
      12. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _______ the best jobs are. (2007年浙江卷)
      A. where B. whatC. when D. why
      13. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.(2010年北京卷)
      A. what B. thatC. why D. whether
      14. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _______ had used the products.(2010年重庆卷)
      A. whoever B. whoC. whichever D. which
      15. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _______ she was so angry.(2010年湖南卷)
      A. where B. whetherC. that D. why
      【答案与解析】
      1. B 句意为:芭芭拉•琼斯为其粉丝带来的是诚实和幸福。由句中的is可知其前面是一个主语从句,从句中offer缺少宾语,故用what引导主语从句,并在从句中作宾语。
      2. A 句意为:这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。根据宾语从句中被修饰的名词problems可知,应该选用连接词what,what连接宾语从句并作定语修饰problems。
      3. D 句意为:有证据表明,所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。这是一个同位语从句,分析句子结构,从句中不缺成分,故用连词that引导。
      4. D 句意为:你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。of后的宾语从句中understand后面缺少宾语,故用what引导。
      5. D 句意为:我觉得与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家,这就是他一事无成的原因。分析句子结构可知,which引导的非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句,根据句意用why引导。
      6. C 句意为:我们给了她那份工作,但我并不知道她是否会接受。空格处缺少表示“是否”意义的连接词。在名词性从句中,where表示地点;what在从句中应作主语、宾语或表语;whether表示“是否”;which表示“哪一个”。故答案为C。
      7. C 句意为:村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥。分析句子结构可知,known后面的宾语从句中含有一个主语从句,该从句中缺少宾语,所以选择what。which强调“哪一个”,不符合句意。
      8. D 句意为:根本没有搞清楚那名男子为什么没有早点报告这次事故。it在句中是形式主语,真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。
      9. C 句意为:当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定去部队服役。此处的the war broke out解释说明the news的具体内容,且从句中不缺少成分,故为同位语从句,用that连接。
      10. A when引导宾语从句,作tell的直接宾语,从句中应使用陈述语序,排除B、D选项;根据语境,应使用将来时态,故排除C项。
      11. C make后接复合宾语,真正的宾语是when and where the meeting would be held,宾补是clear。由于宾语太长,故使用it作形式宾语。
      12. A 表语从句中are后面缺少表语,连接代词和连接副词都可以作表语,根据句意“那儿才是找好工作的地方”可知,应选用连接副词where。
      13. B 表语从句中不缺成分,因此用that来引导。句意为:狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说《大卫•科波菲尔》的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。
      14. A 该题中动词ask常用ask sb. for sth.,因此此处为作宾语的从句后置,用whoever引导宾语从句,whoever相当于anybody who。
      15. D 根据句意“办公室里没有人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选择why引导宾语从句。
      Ⅱ. 考点透视
      名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,它是中学英语语法中的重点和难点,也是高考考查的热点;以考查宾语从句和主语从句为主,考查表语从句和同位语从句为辅;涉及的热点连词有what, that, who, where, why, how, when, whoever, whatever等。
      考点一:考查从句中的语序
      在名词性从句中一律使用陈述句语序,特别要注意由连接代词和连接副词引导的从句,不可受特殊疑问词的影响而用了疑问句语序。例如:
      I wonder when S.H.E. is coming to Jinan to have a concert. 我想知道S.H.E.什么时候来济南开演唱会。
      The big problem for the U.S. is how they can settle the financial crisis. 美国面临的重大问题是如何解决金融危机。
      【考例】
      When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _______.(2010年上海卷)
      A. he is entering which laneB. which lane he is entering
      C. is he entering which laneD. which lane is he entering
      【解析】B which引导的句子作know的宾语,从句中应用陈述语序。
      考点二:考查it作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句或宾语从句
      英语中为了保持句子平衡,常用it代替主语从句或宾语从句,而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面。这时需要注意不能用that, this或these等作替代词。例如:
      It is required in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. 规则中要求你不能把你电子信箱账号的密码告诉别人。
      Sang Lan has made it clear that she will not give in to fate. 桑兰清楚地表明她不会向命运屈服。
      【考例】①It is uncertain _______ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. (2010年浙江卷)
      A. that B. whatC. how D. whether
      【解析】B 句意为:尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物,但是,它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面连词引导的整个句子。side effect意思是“副作用”,还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about _______ side effect,故选择what,作形容词“什么样的”,修饰后面的名词side effect。
      ②It never occurred to me _______ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(2010年陕西卷)
       A. which B. whatC. that D. if
      【解析】C 句意为:我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。“你能成功说服他改变主意”陈述了一件事实,故用that引导,作主语从句,前面的it是形式主语。
      考点三:考查从句连接词的选用
      引导名词性从句的连接词很多,归纳起来可分为以下三类:
      
      选择连接词时可以依据“从句中缺什么成分补什么成分”的原则确定是选用连接代词还是连接副词,然后再根据意思选用具体的连接词。如果名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语,则选用连接代词。如果名词性从句中缺少状语,则选用连接副词。如果名词性从句中不缺成分,而仅表示陈述事实,则用that引导。例如:
      When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants. (当你面试回答问题时,请记住这条黄金法则:永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。)
      分析:give后接双宾语,宾语从句中wants后面缺少宾语,故填what。
      We believed _______ he had earned enough money to build a house. (我们相信他已经挣了足够多的钱来建造房屋。)
      分析:宾语从句中不缺少成分,且陈述一件事实,用that引导。
      _______ will win the match is still unknown. (谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。)
      分析:分析题干可知这是一个含有主语从句的复合句,主语从句中缺少主语,且指人,用who引导。
      I have no idea _______ he learned about it. (我不知道他是怎么得知的。)
      分析:同位语从句中不缺少主语和宾语,根据意思,句中缺少表示方式的状语,应填连接副词how。
      【考例】
      ①As a new graduate, he doesn’t know _______ it takes to start a business here.(2010年天津卷)
      A. how B. whatC. when D. which
      【解析】B 句意为:作为一名新毕业生,他不知道需要什么才能开始在这里经营。空格后的宾语从句中takes是动词,其后缺少宾语,所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。
      ②Before the sales start, I make a list of _______ my kids will need for the coming season. (2010年山东卷)
       A. why B. whatC. how D. which
      【解析】B 句意为:在大甩卖开始前,我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一张清单。分析句子结构可知,空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语,所以B项正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。
      ③How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _______ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.(2010年四川卷)
      A. what B. whoC. how D. why
      【解析】B 根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应该是“和谁去”,故选B。句意为:一个人旅游有多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去,无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。
      ④We haven’t discussed yet _______ we are going to place our new furniture.(2010年全国卷Ⅰ)
      A. that B. whichC. what D. where
      【解析】D 句意为:我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。题干中空格在动词discuss的后面,因此考查宾语从句。根据句意可知宾语从句中缺少地点状语,因此选择D项。
      考点四:考查主从句中的时态呼应
      在名词性从句中,要注意从句谓语动词应该与主句谓语动词的时态一致。
      1.在宾语从句中,当主句是一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时等时态时,宾语从句可以根据句子意义的需要用任何时态。例如:
      Do you know why he was late this morning? 你知道他今天早晨迟到的原因吗?
      I don’t know when he will leave for Shanghai. 我不知道他将什么时候去上海。
      2.如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,则宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。例如:
      Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she was doing. 苏珊不想在家里做这个程序,因为她不想让她父母知道她正在干什么。
      3.如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理,则不论主句中用了何种时态,其谓语动词仍用一般现在时。例如:
      The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. 老师说光比声音传播得快。
      Our fathers said that practice makes perfect. 我们的父辈们说:熟能生巧。
      4.在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中, 也要注意从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词的时态一致性。关键要注意动作发生的先后关系。例如:
      Who will be sent abroad has not been decided. 派谁去国外,还没有决定。(主句是现在完成时, 从句是一般将来时)
      The earth of today is not what it was millions of years ago. 今天的地球不是几百万年前的地球了。(主句是一般现在时,从句是一般过去时)
      【考例】
      ① Scientists have many theories about how the universe _______ into being.(2009年北京卷)
      A. came B. was coming
      C. had come D. would come
      【解析】A 句意为:科学家关于宇宙是怎样形成的有很多理论。宇宙的形成是过去的事情,应使用一般过去时。
      ② The moment I got home, I found I _______ my jacket on the playground. (2008年陕西卷)
      A. had left B. leftC. have left D. was leaving
      【解析】A I found后接宾语从句,由于主句动词使用了一般过去时,且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前,应使用过去完成时。
      考点五:考查从句中的虚拟语气
      在某些宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中,谓语动词需用虚拟语气。
      1.宾语从句中
      1) 在表示坚持、要求、命令、建议之类的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词要用 “should + 动词原形”形式,should 可省略。常见的此类动词有insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, demand, request, require, recommend等。例如:
      The guard at the gate insisted that everybody (should) obey the rules. 门口的哨兵坚持每个人都应遵守规章制度。
      He demanded that he (should) be sent to work there. 他要求被派往那儿工作。
      需特别注意的是:动词suggest表示“暗示、表明”,insist表示 “坚持说 (认为)”时, 其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词则要用相应的陈述语气。例如:
      On the dead boy’s face there was a half smile that seemed to suggest that he was happy to have given his life for his country. 在那位死去的孩子的脸上有一丝微笑,似乎表明他很高兴把自己的生命献给了自己的祖国。
      The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel. 那位阿拉伯人坚持说他从来没有看见过骆驼。
      【考例】The doctor recommended that you _______ swim after eating a large meal.(2009年浙江卷)
      A. wouldn’t B. couldn’tC. needn’t D. shouldn’t
      【解析】D recommend后接宾语从句时,从句中应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”。
      2) 在动词wish后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词用过去式,表示与现在事实相反的一种愿望;用“had +过去分词”,表示与过去事实相反的一种愿望或已经发生的一件遗憾的事情;用“should/would/might/could + 动词原形”表示与将来事实相反或不可能实现的愿望。例如:
      I wish I remembered her address now. 我希望我现在记得她的地址。
      I wish I had seen you yesterday. 我希望我昨天见到了你。
      She wishes she would try again. 她希望她能再试一次。
      【考例】How I wish every family _______ a large house with a beautiful garden! (2002年上海春招卷)
      A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had
      【解析】B 此题表达的是现在的一种愿望,wish后的宾语从句应使用一般过去时。
      2.主语从句中
      在“It is/was + 形容词 (或过去分词) + 主语从句” 的句型中, 从句中的谓语动词不论人称和数都可以用“should +动词原形”结构,should可省略。本句型中常用的形容词有:necessary,important,strange,natural,essential等;常用的过去分词通常是表示提议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词,如suggested,ordered,demanded,required,requested,proposed,advised,decided等。例如:
      It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once. 有必要立即派他到那里去。
      It has been decided that the meeting (should) be put off. 已决定推迟举行会议。
      3.表语从句和同位语从句中
      在表示意愿、要求、命令、建议等名词之后的表语从句或同位语从句中,谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”形式,should 可省略。这类名词有:idea,proposal,suggestion,order,plan,decision,advice,desire, requirement等。例如:
      My proposal is that the meeting (should) be put off. 我的建议是推迟举行会议。
      The professor gave orders that the test be finished before 5:30. 教授命令测验在五点半之前完成。
      【考例】We should consider the students’ request _______ the school library provide more books on popular science.(2009年重庆卷)
      A. that B. whenC. which D. where
      【解析】A request是表示请求、建议类的名词,其后的同位语从句中使用虚拟语气。本题中从句的谓语动词使用了动词原形,同位语从句中不缺少任何成分,故选用that引导。
      Ⅲ.易错点、易混点解析
      1.that和what
      这是高考测试的一对热点连词。that引导名词性从句时仅起连接作用,不在句子中充当任何成分,也无任何意义,除在宾语从句中外一般不可省略;what引导名词性从句时,除起连接作用外,还在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语等句子成分,而且意思非常灵活,可根据具体语境译成“(所)……的(话、东西、样子、地方、时候等)”。例如: _______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.
      分析:分析句子结构可知这是一个含有主语从句的复合句,主句谓语动词是has,其前是主语从句作主语,从句中say and do后面缺少宾语,且表示“所……的”,故用what,不用that。
       _______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culture differences from one aspect.
      分析:这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。因为主语从句是一个完整的句子,陈述了一个事实,不缺少任何成分,所以要用that。这句话的意思是:国与国之间的时装差异可以从一个方面反映出其文化上的差异。
      2.whether和if
      whether与if在引导宾语从句时一般可以互换,但在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:
      ①引导主语从句并在句首时;②引导表语从句时;③引导从句作介词宾语时;④从句后有or not时;⑤后接动词不定式时。例如:
      Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
      The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
      Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
      I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。
      Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留?
      3.wh-ever与no matter wh- 的区别
      wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句,而no matter wh- 只能引导让步状语从句。例如:
      Whatever I say, he won’t listen to me. = No matter what I say, he won’t listen to me. 无论我说什么,他都不听我的。(让步状语从句)
      He would believe whatever I said. 他会相信我所说的任何话。(宾语从句,不能用no matter what引导)
      The poor young man is ready to accept _______ help he can get. 那个可怜的年轻人愿意接受他所能得到的任何帮助。(空格处缺少修饰help的定语,因此应该选择连接代词。whatever help he can get = any help that he can get)
       _______ fails to see this will make a big mistake. 任何人只要没能看到这一点将会犯很大的错误。(这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。从句中缺少主语,应选择连接代词,根据句意可知表示“任何……的人”,应填Whoever,相当于Anybody who)
      4.that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别
      连词that引导同位语从句时,应放在某些抽象名词之后,如fact, hope, desire, thought等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,连词that只起引导同位语从句的作用,在同位语从句中不担当任何成分,因此that引导的同位语从句是完整的,不缺任何成分。
      关系代词that引导定语从句时,关系代词that一方面起引导定语从句的作用,另一方面,that在定语从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。因此,that引导的定语从句是残缺的。例如:
      The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.(同位语从句,不缺任何成分)
      The news (that) we heard on the radio was not true.(定语从句,缺少宾语)
      IV.巩固性练习
      1. Your skirt is really splendid, but _______ we actually need is not a skirt but a new pair of shoes.
      A. that B. whatC. whether D. how
      2. _______ made me more surprised was _______ the pickpocket asked my friend to lend him some money and he agreed.
      A. What; that B. That; that
      C. What; whether D. It; that
      3. What do you think of this suggestion that we _______ lunch at the new restaurant?
      A. will have B. are going to have
      C. would have D. have
      4. I don’t know the reason _______ you were absent from the meeting, but I’m sure that someone will tell me the reason _______ you haven’t told me.
      A. why; that B. that; why
      C. because; which D. of which; that
      5. _______ made his mother surprised was _______ Tom Smith should have been fooled by such a simple trick.
      A. What; that B. What; because
      C. That; what D. That; because
      6. According to Bill Gates, the idea _______ we can play video games and receive E-mails without sitting at a keyboard will come true. However, it is unclear _______ it will be on sale and _______ it will cost.
      A. which; that; whatB. /; whether; how much
      C. that; when; whatD. that; that; how much
      7. The doctors are trying their best to reduce the people’s fear _______ they would be infected by the present disease called SARS.
      A. whether B. whichC. when D. that
      8. Word has come _______ in some Western countries, demand for graduates from MBA courses has fallen down.
      A. that B. whileC. when D. as
      9. Though Frances congratulates herself on her success she sometimes wonders _______ will happen to her private life.
      A. it B. whatC. which D. that
      10. I think Mother would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send her a quick not.
      A. which B. whyC. what D. how
      11. We should be aware of the fact _______ rich countries are becoming richer while poor countries are becoming poorer.
      A. which B. whatC. that D. where
      12. They are teachers and don’t realize _______ to start and run a company.
      A. what it takesB. what takes itC. what they takeD. what takes them
      13. I haven’t settled the question of _______ I’ll go back home.
      A. as B. whatC. whether D. if
      14. On stepping into his room he was astonished to find the floor covered with _______ looked like tiny insects.
      A. that B. somethingC. what D. anything
      15. In order to encourage the students to study hard, the school decides to give the scholarship to _______ wins the first in the exam.
      A. who B. whomC. whomever D. whoever
      16. _______ Tom was worried seemed obvious to everyone present at the meeting.
      A. What B. WhichC. That D. How
      17. ―It remains to be seen _______ the plan can be put into practice.
      ―It depends on your determination.
      A. whether B. whereC. how D. that
      18. Many experts hold the view _______ teacher development is _______ the key to better education lies.
      A. which; where B. which; in whichC. that; where D. that; in which
      19. After _______ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to have the job interview.
      A. that B. whichC. what D. who
      20. There was a sudden flash, followed by _______ sounded like fireworks.
      A. what B. somethingC. it D. which
      21. ―Was it _______ he said or all that he did _______ let you down, Joan?
      ―No, not really.
      A. which; that B. what; thatC. that; what D. what; what
      22. _______ is known to us all is that the old scientist, for _______ life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his eighties.
      A. As; whom B. What; whomC. It; whose D. As; whose
      23. That art center is _______ used to be a factory, _______ millions of tractors were made.
      A. what; where B. where; whereC. what; which D. where; which
      24. My pen-friend, Peter, wrote to me, expressing the hope _______ he would come to Beijing to see the 2008 Olympic Games.
      A. which B. thatC. what D. whether
      25. I still couldn’t understand _______ the machine would work, so I asked him to explain it to me.
      A. how B. whatC. which D. whom
      26. The police finally got to _______ was once an old temple _______ the villagers used as a school.
       A. which; what B. what; thatC. where; which D. what; where
      27. He was such a great hero that _______ he did, even his way of walking, was imitated by many young people.
      A. whatever B. no matter whatC. however D. no matter how
      28. “You can’t choose what life you will have,” said Tai Lihua, a deaf leading dancer, “but you can choose your attitude towards life.” And this is _______ I completely agree.
       A. why B. whatC. when D. where
      29. Actually children can be _______ they want to be, whether it is pilot, a soldier, or a general manager.
      A. who B. whichC. whatever D. whomever
      30. If you feel tired and sick of fatty foods, that is _______ you have to go to the hospital for a medical examination.
      A. why B. whenC. whether D. what
      
      【答案与解析】
      1. B what引导主语从句,并且在主语从句中作宾语。当名词性从句中缺少名词性的成分(主语、宾语、表语)时,一般用what来引导。
      2. A 第一个空用What,它一方面在句子中引导主语从句,另一方面又在主语从句中作主语;第二个空用that来引导表语从句,引导表语从句的that只起连接词的作用,不在句中作成分。
      3. D suggestion后接同位语从句时,从句的谓语动词用“should +动词原形”,其中should可以省略。
      4. A 第一个空后定语从句缺原因状语,所以用关系副词why;第二个空后定语从句中tell缺少直接宾语,可以用关系代词that或which。
      5. A what引导主语从句,并且在主语从句中作主语;that引导表语从句,在表语从句中不作成分,只起连接词的作用。
      6. C that引导同位语从句说明idea的具体内容。when it will be on sale and what it will cost是两个并列的主语从句,放在句尾,由it作形式主语,其中what也可以用how much来替换。
      7. D 这是一个同位语从句,空格后的整个句子作fear的同位语,说明fear的具体内容。
      8. A 为避免“头重脚轻”的感觉,平衡句子结构,把that引导的同位语从句后置。还原成正常语序为:Word that in...has fallen down has come.
      9. B what用来引导宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语,并且在宾语从句中作主语。
      10. C 由句子结构可知,此处需用连词引导宾语从句。根据句中的be up to判断,连词应作to的宾语,只有A、C项有可能,而which表示选择性,前文应有选择范围,所以只能选what。
      11. C fact后接同位语从句,表示fact的内容,用that引导。
      12. A realize后接宾语从句,宾语从句中takes后缺少宾语,故用what引导。
      13. C of后接宾语从句,空格表示“是否”之意,且在介词之后,用whether引导,不用if。
      14. C with后接宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,故用what引导。
      15. D to后接宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,且表示anybody who的意思,用whoever引导,不用who。
      16. C seemed前的主语从句陈述了一个事实,从句中不缺少成分,用that引导。如用what,则在worried后加about。
      17. A 本题用先行it作主语,真正的主语是后面的主语从句,根据意思,此处表示“是否”,故用whether引导。
      18. C 第一空view后接同位语从句,表示view的内容,用that引导;第二空is后接表语从句,意思是“更好教育之关键所在”,用where引导。
      19. C after后接宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,用what引导。
      20. A by后接宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,用what引导。
      21. B 这是一个强调结构与主语从句结合考查的题目。分析句子结构可知,强调的是句子的主语,主语从句中的动词said后缺少宾语,故第一空用what,第二空用构成强调结构的that。
      22. B 第二个is是主句的动词,其前是主语从句,由于缺少主语,用what引导;第二空是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词whom作介词for的宾语。
      23. A is后接表语从句,由于从句中缺少主语,用what引导;第二空是定语从句,修饰先行词factory,由于factory在定语从句中作地点状语,故用where引导。
      24. B hope后接同位语从句,表示hope的内容,用that引导。
      25. A understand后接宾语从句,根据句意“我还是不明白这台机器是怎样工作的,因此我让他给我解释一下”可知,应选用how引导宾语从句。
      26. B got to后接宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,故用what引导;第二空引导的是定语从句,先行词temple在后面的定语从句中作used的宾语,故选用关系代词that引导。
      27. A 由句子后半句的结构可知,was前应该是主语部分,而whatever可以引导名词性从句,no matter what只能引导状语从句。另外,如果用how则do后缺少宾语。
      28. D 此处where引导表语从句,并在从句中作地点状语,相当于the point to which。此题不可选用what,因为agree是不及物动词。
      29. C whatever引导表语从句,并在从句中作be的表语。句意为:事实上,孩子们可以成为他们想成为的任何一种人,无论是飞行员、士兵还是总经理。
      30. B when引导表语从句,句意为:假如你感到疲惫并且对油腻食物没胃口的话,就到了去医院做检查的时候了。
      

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