2022届高考英语三轮复习考前冲刺特训+4.+阅读理解议论文

下面是小编为大家整理的2022届高考英语三轮复习考前冲刺特训+4.+阅读理解议论文,供大家参考。

　2022 届高考英语 三轮复习 考前冲刺特训

　4. 阅读理解议论文 ◎ 命题特点及解题技巧 议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见并提出主张的文体。该文体以议论为主要表达方式，通过摆事实，讲道理，表达出作者的观点和主张。议论文的典型结构模式是：提出论点→提供论据（例证）→明确结论，也就是按照提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的逻辑顺序安排层次。

　阅读理解议论文在每年的高考阅读理解中占有一定的比例。

　此类体裁的文章中有关主旨大意和推理判断的题目会较多，这也是得分比较难的题型。

　阅读议论文的关键是：通过抓主题句的方法把握文章主旨、弄清作者观点，认真把握作者的态度，领悟弦外之音，从而更好地依据文章的事实做出合理的推断，具体阅读流程如下：

　◎ 典型 高考 真题体悟 【 【2021· 全国 乙 卷，B】

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　Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional（情感的）intelligence.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character,motivation, confidence, mental

　stability, optimism and “people skills.”Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence. We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life. Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives（视角）from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction. 1.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence? A. It can be measured by an IQ test. B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind. C. It includes a set of emotional skills. D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities. 2. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2? A. To explain a rule.

　 B. To clarify a concept. C. To present a fact.

　 D. To make a prediction.

　3.What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence? A.Favorable.

　 B.Intolerant.

　C.Doubtful.

　D.Unclear. 4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence? A. Its appeal to the public.

　 B.Expectations for future studies. C. Its practical application.

　 D.Scientists with new perspectives.

　◎ 真题解析 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了什么是情商，以及情商普及的优势，同时作者提出了对情商研究是未来期望。

　1. D 间接信息题。根据题干 a common misunderstanding 定位到第一段 Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and“people skills.”可知，如今，许多人都误解情商是一个人的性格、动机、信心、心理稳定性、乐观主义和“人际交往能力”等无法用智商测试衡量的所有品质，也就是误解为一个人的积极品质，答案选择D 项。

　2. B 写作意图题。根据题干定位到第二段 We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes（我们更喜欢把情商描述为一套特定的技能，既可以用于好的目的，也可以用于坏的目的）可知，作者提到了“医生”和“骗子”只是为了进一步说明情商这一概念，答案选择 B 项。

　3. A。直接信息题。根据题干 attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence定位到第三段 Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful 可知，作者认为尽管关于情商的流行观点远远超过了研究所能合理支持的，但宣传的总体效果一直是利大于弊，再根据The most positive aspect of this popularization 及 The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped 等内容判断，作者对情感普及总体上赞成的，答案选择 A

　项。

　4. B。段落大意题。根据最后一段 Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion（虽然情商继续受到大众的青睐是可取的，但我们希望这种关注将激起对情感的科学和学术研究更大的兴趣）及 It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives（视角）from which to study how people manage their lives（我们希望在未来几十年里,科学的发展将提供新的视角去研究人们如何管理他们的生活）可知，作者对未来情商研究是充满期待，答案选择 B 项。

　◎ 高考真题及仿真题专项练习 Passage A 【 【2021· 全国 甲 卷，D 】

　Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries. Let’s state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It’s said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender (性别) are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not. Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication,

　we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance (毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.” 1. What does the author think of victors’ standards for joining the genius club? A. They’re unfair.

　B. They’re conservative. C. They’re objective.

　D. They’re strict. 2. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science? A. They think themselves smart.

　 B. They look up to great thinkers. C. They see gender differences earlier than boys. D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs. 3. Why are more geniuses known to the public? A. Improved global communication. B. Less discrimination against women. C. Acceptance of victors’ concepts. D. Changes in people’s social positions. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Geniuses Think Alike

　 B. Genius Takes Many Forms C. Genius and Intelligence

　D. Genius and Luck Passage B 【 【2020· 天津卷，D 】

　After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together. Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more that ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the

　great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?” Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them. “The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child’s heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied. Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake. How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement. One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time? That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom’s Cabin while cooking. You’re too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78. However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you’ll never be more alive than you are at this moment. 1. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________. A. propose a definition

　 B. make a comparison C....

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