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    某农药厂场地土壤污染调查与生态健康风险研究

    时间:2021-02-08 00:04:44 来源:雅意学习网 本文已影响 雅意学习网手机站

    http://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/hbny/hbny201721/hbny20172109-2-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/hbny/hbny201721/hbny20172109-1-l.jpg
      摘要:针对某农药厂土壤污染及其生态健康风险问题,通过现场实地调查并采集水样、土样送检,用便携式光离子化检测器(PID)和X射线荧光光谱仪现场进行检测以及实验室GC-MS分析,确定了主要污染物含量及其分布,应用潜在生态危害系数法和毒性风险评估法对检出的高浓度污染物进行生态健康风险评估。结果表明,该污染场地主要的污染物为2,4-二氯苯酚、铬和苯并(b)荧蒽;厂区内土壤的重金属含量比厂房外高,厂区内大部分调查样点都属于强生态危害级别,厂区外调查样点基本上属于中等生态危害级别;2,4-二氯苯酚、铬和苯并(b)荧蒽的非致癌风险都低于可接受风险控制值。
      关键词:土壤污染;调查;潜在生态危害系数法;生态健康风险评估
      中图分类号:X825 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)21-4031-04
      DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.21.009
      Site Soil Contamination Investigation and Ecological Health Risk Assessment for
      A Pesticide Factory
      CHEN Dong1,2,XU Cheng-hua2,TIAN Kai-yang2,WANG Zhen-xiang2,MAO Lin-qiang1,ZHANG Wen-yi1
      (1.School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu,China;
      2.Geological Party,Jiangsu Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration,Nanjing 210041,Jiangsu,China)
      Abstract: The pesticide factory site soil pollution would arouse ecological health risk problems, in this study, water and soil samples were collected from the pesticide factory site. The main pollutant content and distribution were determined by a portable photoionization detector(PID), GC-MS and X ray fluorescence spectrometer. The potential ecological hazard toxicity risk coefficient method and ecological risk method were used to evaluate ecological health risk of high concentration pollutant detected. The results showed that the main pollutants in contaminated sites were 2,4-two chlorophenols, chromium and benzo (b) and fluoranthene; the concentrations of heavy metals within the plant were higher than that outside soil. Most of sample points in the factory were classified as the level of strong ecological risk, and most of sample points outside of the factory were classified as the level of moderate ecological risk. The non carcinogenic risk of 2,4-two chlorophenols, chromium and benzo (b) fluoranthene were below the acceptable risk control value.
      Key words: soil pollution; investigation; potential ecological hazard coefficient method; ecological health risk assessment
      老化工厂搬迁遗留下来的土壤污染问题日益引起人们的关注,使得土壤污染修复研究成为当今环保领域的研究热点之一[1,2]。改革开放初期,随着经济发展的需求,乡镇化工厂大量兴建,由于环保意识薄弱、环保措施不当,大量工业废渣、废水直接被掩盖于场址土地之下[3]。随着国家环保监察力度不断加大,一些小工厂被关闭,对场址土地重新利用时,其造成的土壤污染日益显现出来。
      本研究通過对江苏省某地某生产农药的废弃化工厂进行实地走访调查,采集土样、水样,送检,根据测得的数据确定了调查区域污染物种类以及污染程度,通过潜在生态危害系数法[4-7]和毒性风险评估法[8-10]对数据进行分析处理,为该污染场地土壤修复治理提供依据。
      1 材料与方法
      1.1 区域概况
      调查区域地处某化学工业园新材料产业园北部。该区域原为丘陵,随着周边用地规划调整作为工业用地开发,形成了目前工业园区、村庄、农田与工厂混杂分布的局面。该厂区南边濒临河流,北边绿山工业大道经过,交通发达,占地约28 000 m2,主要生产乙烯利、2,4-滴、敌敌畏。目前调查区域内相关企业已经全部停产搬迁,厂房空置,煤渣浅埋在土壤表层,污染严重,空气中能闻到明显的刺鼻气味。

    推荐访问:土壤污染 场地 生态 风险 调查

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