被动语态要点透析:被动语态例句
时间：2020-02-23 07:28:36 来源：雅意学习网 本文已影响 人 
当我们强调动作的承受者，或者我们不知道动作的执行者是谁，或者动作的执行者是谁对我们并不重要时，我们就要采用被动语态。被动语态是由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化；含有情态动词的被动结构是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
一、掌握各种时态的被动语态
动词的被动语态是由动词be加上过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。
1．―G308_______________. I must be off now.
―Have a nice trip.
A. is being announced B. has announced C. was announcingD. had been announced
解析根据“I must be off now”以及句意，表明G308高铁正在宣布，announce与G308之间表示动宾关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案选A。
2．Nothing but some ancient Chinese coins ______________ in the sunken ship since they began the exploration.
A. were found B. has been found C. had been found D. have been found
解析此句是由since引导的时间状语，主句通常要用现在完成时态，又因为find和nothing之间构成动宾关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故答案选B。
二、注意短语动词的被动语态
有些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态，但短语动词是一个不可分隔的整体，变为被动语态时不可去掉构成短语动词中的介词或副词。
More attention should be paid_____________ Children’s education if possible.
A. to developingB. to developmentC. to develop D. for developing
解析pay attention to是及物的短语动词，本句强调名词attention，所以应用被动语态。to是介词，后应接动名词。故答案选A。
【注意】这类短语动词主要有：make use of; pay attention to; find fault with; make much of（重视，充分利用; take advantage of; take care of; take note of（注意，留意）; take notice of等。
三、“get+及物动词的过去分词”构成的被动语态
这种结构一般指动作的结果而非动作本身，常表示“状态的改变”。
Had it not been for the fact that she______________ in the leg, she might have passed the exam.
A. injures B. had injured C. got injuredD. would have got injured
解析根据“she might have passed the exam”提示可知事情发生在过去，且是事实，所以用一般过去时；“get+及物动词的过去分词”这一结构常表示“状态的改变”。故答案选C。
四、用主动形式表示被动意义
1．表示状态特征的系动词look, feel, taste, sound, smell, prove, seem, appear常接形容词或名词作表语，只能用主动形式表示被动的含义。
The cause he had devoted himself to_____________ a perfect success
A. proving B. proved C. was proved D. has been proved
解析根据句法，“he had devoted himself to”是个定语从句，修饰前面的名词cause，所以prove应在句中用作谓语动词；prove是系动词，只能用主动形式表示被动的含义。故答案选B。
2．表示主语的某种属性特征的动词（如：read, write, sell, open, shut, begin, wash, wear, cut, lock, pack, act, draw, iron, dry, eat , heat , clean等）常与副词well, smoothly, easily等连用时，说明主语内在的“性能”和“特点”，应用主动形式表示被动的含义。
Mobile phones of this kind_______________ well and ______________ already.
A. sell; sell outB. sell; have been sold out
C. sold; had sold outD. are sold; have been sold out
解析这种手机很好卖是说明主语内在的性能与特点，所以用主动形式表示被动含义；而句子的主语是Mobile phones，谓语动词应用复数形式。正因为这种手机很好卖，对现在产生了结果，已经卖完了，所以第二空用现在完成时的被动语态。故答案选B。
3．need, want, require, stand, bear, deserve等词后面常接主动的-ing分词形式表示被动意义。
As a result of the serious earthquake, almost all the buildings in the area _____
A. need reconstructing B. needs to reconstruct C. needs reconstructingD. need to reconstruct
解析当句子的主语buildings是动作承受者时，need后接动词-ing形式或者后接不定式的被动式。主语是almost all the buildings，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故答案选A。
4．动词不定式在某些作表语的形容词后，用主动形式表示被动含义。
当动词不定式作表语形容词（easy, difficult, hard , comfortable等）的状语，又与句子的主语构成动宾关系时，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant _______.
A. to deal withB. dealing withC. to be dealt withD. dealt with
解析在某些形容词后常用不定式的主动形式表被动含义，此时，不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关系。故答案选A。
5．当动词不定式作宾语补足语的形容词（easy, difficult, hard等）的状语，又与句子的宾语构成动宾关系时，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
We find the man hard to_______________.
A. to be pleased B. pleasing C. pleased D. please
解析当动词不定式作宾语补足语的形容词hard的状语，又与句子的宾语构成动宾关系时，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。故答案选D。
6．不定式作名词或代词的后置定语, 动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义
If there’s a lot of work_____________. I"m happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing
解析用不定式表示将要做的事情，并且在there be句型中，如果be 后面的sth.要跟上不定式，要用主动形式表示被动含义，故答案选A。
7．在be worth doing结构中，用-ing分词形式表示被动含义
―What do you think of the song?
―Oh, excellent. It’s well worth______________ a second time.
A. to listen toB. listeningC. listening toD. being listening to
解析be worth后接动名词，并要用主动形式表示被动含义，it指代the song，作listen to的逻辑宾语。故答案选C。
8．不能用被动语态的动词及动词短语。如：cost, fit, suit, benefit, lack, happen to do sth, lastspread, belong to, break out, run out, go out, shut off, take place, work out, take place, lose heart, consist of。
We find the oil in the car_____________.
A. has been run out B. is run out C. has run out D. being run out
解析run out是不及物动词，所以用主动形式表示被动含义；表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，所以本句又要用现在完成时。故答案选C。
9．不定式to let, to seek, to blame (应受责备), to decide on用主动形式表示被动含义。
The greenhouse effect was partly_____________ for the global warming and the temperature changes are likely to have great effect on the spread of diseases.
A. to blame B. blame C. to be blamed D. blaming
解析“be to blame”表示按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，意为“应受谴责、应负责任”， 用主动形式表示被动含义。故答案选A。
巩固性练习：从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。
1．The 30th Olympic Games__________ in London from July 27 to August 12, 2012.
A. will be heldB. will be holdingC. are to held D. will hold
2．Many new workers ___trained and in half a year they _to build a new railway.
A. are being; will be sentB. are; will be sendingC. are; will send D. will be; will be sent
3．Not until he called the secretary three times_____________ that the manager went to an important meeting.
A. did he tell B. he toldC. was he toldD. he was told
4．The 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015) said a system___________to protect people"s secrets on line.
A. would be developedB. has been developed C. was developedD. had been developed
5．I _______________ a book on fashion at the moment, and it_______ _______in the book that Europeans started to wear top hats in the early 1800s
A. read; is said B. am reading; is saying C. was reading; was saying D. am reading; says
6．It is reported in the papers that the old coins________________ under the earth for about 200 years by the time they were discovered.
A. had buried B. had been buried C. buried D. were buried
7．New technology_______________ to make sure that the cars, taxis, buses and trains we use______________ the air.
A. is used; not pollute B. has used; is not polluted
C. is being used; do not pollute D. has been used; to pollute
8．With the help of high technology, more than one oil fields_____________ in the last two decades.
A. were discovered B. have discoveredC. have been discoveredD. has been discovered
9．Many negative changes__________ in my home town since the global financial crisis_________.
A. have taken place; broke out B. took place; broke out
C. have been taken place; breaks outD. were taken place; breaks out
10．The fallen tree over there is so tall that I suppose it___________ nearly twenty meters.
A. measures B. is measured C. measure D. to be measured
Keys：1~5 AACAD 6~10 BCCAA
推荐访问:语态 透析 被动 被动语态要点透析 被动语态要点 什么时候用被动语态
