【高频考点定语从句易错点讲解】简单定语从句例句100句
时间：2020-02-23 07:32:13 来源：雅意学习网 本文已影响 人 
导读：定语从句是中学阶段的语法重点和难点，也是历年毕业会考和高考的热点，作者参考多种相关学术专著，结合近几年高考试题，对定语从句作如下整理归纳和讲解；原创的完形填空和短文改错练习题适合平时练手和考前自测。
定语从句概述
用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般跟在先行词之后。
1. 用来引导定语从句的代词叫作关系代词。关系代词有who，whom，whose（指人）；which（指物）；that可以指人也可以指物，用来代替先行词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，whose在定语从句中作定语。
•This is the boy who is good at English.
•This is the boy whose father is an English teacher.
•This is the desk whose leg is broken. = This is the desk the leg of which is broken. = This is the desk of which the leg is broken.
•This is the book that/which was bought by Tom yesterday.
2. 用来引导定语从句的副词 (when, where, why) 叫作关系副词。When，where，why代替前面的表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
•I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.
•This is the school where Mr. Cheng works.
•This is the reason why Li Ping is often late for class.
定语从句分类
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。
•This the boy (whom) Mr. Cheng teaches every day.
•This is the book (that /which) he bought yesterday.
关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可以省略。
•I lost a book, which my father bought for me.
•My mother is a kind woman, whom I love deeply.
定语从句易错提醒
× The boys who is standing at the door are my sons.
√ The boys who are standing at the door are my sons.
→ 关系代词在定语从句中主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
× This is one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.
√ This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject.
在“one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。
× This is the only one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject.
√ This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.
→ 在“the only one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，one 是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数。
× A plane is a machine can fly.
√ A plane is a machine that can fly.
→ 在限制性定语从句中，关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略；作宾语时在口语中可以省略。在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略。
•The finger (that) I put into my mouth was not the one (that) I had dipped into the cup.
•Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was shot on April 14,1865.
•His mother, whom he loved dearly, died in 1818.
× Who is the man which is reading the newspaper?
√ Who is the man that is reading the newspaper?
→ that 指物，有时也可以指人,which 指物，不能指人。
× The room in that she lives is a large one.
√ The room in which she lives is a large one.
→ which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以放在介词后面，that 则不能。
× This is the best film which I have seen.
√ This is the best film that I have seen.
→先行词前面有形容词最高级，序数词next, last, very, any, little, no 等修饰时，用that 不用which引导定语从句。
× That’s all which I want to say.
√ That’s all that want to say.
→ 先行词是all， much，little，none等时，用that而不用which引导定语从句。
× Is there anything which you want in this shop?
√ Is there anything that you want in this shop?
→ 先行词是不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，一般用that而不用which引导定语从句。
当something表示具体的事物，重要的东西，重要的人物等确定意义时，它是名词，关系代词用that 或which均可。如There was the mysterious something which/that they had worked so hard to find: radium.
× He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.
√ He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.
→ 先行词是人和物时，要用that 而不用which/who引导定语从句。
× The predicate is that that is said of the subject.
√ The predicate is that which is said of the subject.
先行词本身是that 时，一般用which引导定语从句。
× Who is the girl who is singing in the hall?
√ Who is the girl that is singing in the hall?
→ 在who开头的疑问句中，若还要用关系代词引导定语从句时，用that引导定语从句。
× Here is the English grammar book that, as I have told you, will help to improve your English.
√ Here is the English grammar book which, as I have told you, will help to improve your English.
→ 当关系词后面有插入语时用which引导定语从句。
× I have three friends, none of them can speak French.
√ I have three friends, none of whom can speak French.
√ I have three friends and none of them can speak French.
→ 定语从句要用关系词引导。若把them改为whom，或者把逗号改为and，则误句正确。
× This is not such a book that I want.
√ This is not such a book as I want.
→ 先行词受such, the same 修饰时，通常用as 引导定语从句。如：This is the same book as I want.
试比较：the same…as 与the same …that
•This is the same knife as I lost.这把刀跟我丢的是一模一样的。（两把刀）
•This is the same knife that I lost.这把刀就是我丢的。（一把刀）
× Tom did not pass the exam，as made his mother very angry.
√ Tom did not pass the exam, which made his mother very angry.
→ as和which指整个主句的内容，引导非限制性定语从句有时可以通用。as引导的定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句末；which 引导的定于从句一般只位于句末。as引导的定语从句常与know，see，report，say，expect，announce等动词连用，翻译为“正像一样”；which引导的这类定语从句时常作实义动词的主语，当它引导的从句与主句之间含有并列关系或结果关系时，一般用which。
× It is the first time that I came to Beijing.
√ It is the first time that I have come to Beijing.
→ 在It is the first/second/last time that…结构的定语从句中用完成时态。
× This is the school that Mr. Cheng works.
√ This is the school where Mr. Cheng works.
→ 先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，引导定语从句是用关系副词还是用关系代词，关键在于关系词在从句中充当的成分。如果充当状语，就用关系副词引导定与从句；如果充当主语或宾语，则用关系代词。
•This is the school that Mr. Cheng set up ten years ago.
•I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.
•I will never forget the day that I spent with Mr. Green.
•That was the reason that he gave me yesterday.
•That was the reason why he gave me a note yesterday.
× Have you ever had a case that someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
√ Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
→ case 在此句中作抽象名词，意为“情况”，有地点含义。当它作先行词时，如果关系词在定语从句作状语，通常用where。这类用法的词还有situation，position，stage，point 等。
•There are some case where this rule does not work.
•The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
•We are at a stage where we need to be stronger.
•They have reached the point where they have to separate.
•He is still at school, but he is in a position where he will never have to work again.
① 关系副词一般可以改为“介词+ which ”。
•The reason why/for which I didn’t come this morning is that it rained hard.
•1949 was the year when/in which the Peoples Republic of China was founded.
•This was the city where /in which he was taken away by the enemy.
② why 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
③ 关系代词that 有一种特殊的用法。that 在限制性定语从句中可以作状语，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，代替when，where，why，或“介词+ which”。
•We will never forget the year that (= when) SARS broke out in China.
•That is the place that ( = where) the health workers fought against SARS.
•This was the reason that (= why) there were over 2000 SARS cases in Beijing.
注意：这种用法在现代中学英语中很少使用。
④ 先行词是way关系词在从句中作状语时，可用that， in which，它们也可以省略。
•That was the way in which we fought against SARS.
•That was the way that we fought against SARS.
•That was the way we fought against SARS.
⑤ from where中的where 为关系代词。
•He stood near the north window, from where he could see the whole garden.
•He climbed up to the top of the temple, from where he could see nothing but trees.
责任编辑 张丹凤
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